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PRE-MKT · 04:35 ET
Market ClerkRecap
Mon Oct 26 · pre-market1 signal on Oct 2494 insider buys this week · $48.3MCIRO short report next: Oct 31The week ahead

COSM

Cosmos Health Inc.
NASDAQ · HEALTH CARE · WHOLESALE-DRUGS, PROPRIETARIES & DRUGGISTS' SUNDRIES
0.26
+0.01 +3.16%
USD · close Oct 23

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MKT CAP $26.3MP/E —DIV YIELD —FCF YIELD -37.82%REV TTM $73.7M +33.8%NET INCOME −$24.4MNET DEBT $1.4M52W 0.17 – 0.94SEC XBRL · TTM TO Invalid Date

How COSM rewrote its risk factors

10-K ITEM 1A · FY2024 → FY2025
Text kept
67%
of sentences unchanged
Added
20
new sentences
Dropped
12
sentences removed
Length
+434
words, now 2,918

New in FY2025

  • Currency exchange rate fluctuations could adversely affect our results of operation and financial condition In 2025, we recognized more than 98% of our net sales in markets outside the United States, while we commenced initial sales in the US through our Sky Premium Life nutraceutical brand, with the majority of revenues still generated outside the US., the majority of which were recognized in each market’s respective local currency.
  • Geopolitical issues, conflicts and other global events could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition Because our business is conducted outside of the United States, it is subject to global political issues and conflicts such as the current war in the Ukraine or the conflict in the Middle East.
  • Such regulatory provisions did not have a material effect upon our results of operations or competitive position during the year ended December 31, 2025.
  • Any such breach or unauthorized access could result in unauthorized disclosure, misuse or loss of sensitive information and lead to significant legal and financial exposure, regulatory inquiries or investigations, loss of confidence by our sales force, disruption of our operations and damage to our reputation.
  • Moreover, cyber-attacks against the Ukrainian government and other countries in the region have been reported in connection with the recent conflicts between Russia and Ukraine and in the Middle East, including Iran.
  • Inflation and rising interest rates in the EU In December 2025, the annual inflation rate in the European Union was approximately 2.3%, reflecting a continued moderation compared to the elevated inflation levels observed in prior years.
  • The annual average change in the Harmonized Index of Consumer Prices (HICP) in the EU during the ten-year period from 2016 to 2025 was approximately 2.6%.
  • Inflationary pressures in recent years have adversely affected our business due to higher costs for raw materials, increased transportation expenses, and higher overall operating costs.
  • Although inflation has moderated during 2024 and 2025, cost levels across several categories remain elevated compared to historical averages.
  • In addition, the significant increase in global benchmark interest rates in recent years has adversely affected our business, as substantially all of our loan facilities carry floating interest rates, which may result in increased financing costs and higher cash outflows.
  • During 2025, we observed a modest decline in floating benchmark rates following monetary policy easing by major central banks, including the Federal Reserve and the European Central Bank.
  • However, interest rates remain, on average, higher than levels observed during most periods prior to the recent tightening cycle, which may continue to result in higher financing costs for the Company.
  • Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the "IRA"), includes several provisions that may impact our business to varying degrees, including provisions that reduce the out-of-pocket spending cap for Medicare Part D beneficiaries from $7,050 to $2,000 starting in 2025 (now effective), thereby effectively eliminating the coverage gap; impose new manufacturer financial liability on certain drugs under Medicare Part D, allow the U.S. government to negotiate Medicare Part B and Part D price caps for certain high-cost drugs and biologics without generic or biosimilar competition; require companies to pay rebates to Medicare for certain drug prices that increase faster than inflation; and delay until January 1, 2032 the implementation of the U.S.
  • Although we currently have limited sales in the United States, the effects of the IRA, including any regulatory action by the Trump Administration pertaining to the IRA, on any future business of ours and the healthcare industry in general is not yet known.
  • Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN) Pricing and Section 232 Tariffs The U.S.
  • The administration has also pursued Most-Favoured-Nation (MFN) pricing agreements, which seek to tie U.S. drug prices to the lowest prices paid by other developed nations.
  • If implemented, MFN pricing could significantly reduce the prices we are able to charge for our products in the U.S. market, which could have a material adverse effect on our revenues and results of operations.
  • Additionally, based on a Commerce Department investigation into national security risks arising from reliance on foreign-manufactured drugs, the administration is applying Section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962 to impose tariffs on pharmaceutical imports beginning in 2026.
  • These tariffs could increase our cost of goods and disrupt our supply chain.
  • We are continuing to monitor these developments and assess their potential impact on our business, financial condition, and results of operations.

Gone since FY2024

  • Currency exchange rate fluctuations could adversely affect our results of operation and financial condition In 2024, we recognized 100% percent of our net sales in markets outside the United States, the majority of which were recognized in each market’s respective local currency.
  • Geopolitical issues, conflicts and other global events could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition Because our business is conducted outside of the United States, it is subject to global political issues and conflicts such as the current war in the Ukraine.
  • Such regulatory provisions did not have a material effect upon our results of operations or competitive position during the year ended December 31, 2024.
  • Any such breach or unauthorized access could result in the unauthorized disclosure, misuse or loss of sensitive information and lead to significant legal and financial exposure, regulatory inquiries or investigations, loss of confidence by our sales force, disruption of our operations and damage to our reputation.
  • Moreover, cyber-attacks against the Ukrainian government and other countries in the region have been reported in connection with the recent conflicts between Russia and Ukraine.
  • Inflation and rising interest rates in the EU In December 2024, the EU annual inflation was at 2.4%, significantly lower, compared with 2023, when the annual inflation reached the highest level ever measured at 3.4%.
  • The annual average change in the harmonized index of consumer prices (HICP) in the EU during the period 2015-2024 was 2.52%.
  • The high inflation has adversely affected our business due to the higher costs of purchasing raw materials, the higher transportation costs and the significantly increased operating costs.
  • Moreover, the significant rise in the interest rates during 2023 may also adversely affect our business since all of our loan facilities carry floating interest rates and this may cause increased financing outflows.
  • In 2024 we noticed a slight decrease in the floating rates mostly affected by the interest rate cuts imposed by the Federal Reserve, however they are on average still significantly higher compared to all recent periods prior to 2023.
  • Inflation Reduction Act of 2022 (the “IRA”), includes several provisions that may impact our business to varying degrees, including provisions that reduce the out-of-pocket spending cap for Medicare Part D beneficiaries from $7,050 to $2,000 starting in 2025, thereby effectively eliminating the coverage gap; impose new manufacturer financial liability on certain drugs under Medicare Part D, allow the U.S. government to negotiate Medicare Part B and Part D price caps for certain high-cost drugs and biologics without generic or biosimilar competition; require companies to pay rebates to Medicare for certain drug prices that increase faster than inflation; and delay until January 1, 2032 the implementation of the U.S.
  • Although we do not have current sales in the United States, the effects of the IRA on any future business of ours and the healthcare industry in general is not yet known.

Sentence-level comparison of Item 1A in the two most recent 10-Ks (FY2024 ↗, FY2025 ↗). A reworded sentence counts as one dropped and one added, so heavy edits read as low “kept”. Headings and page furniture are stripped; nothing is summarised by a model.

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